Three strongly coupled Kerr parametric oscillators forming a Boltzmann machine

We demonstrate how three strongly coupled Kerr parametric oscillators (KPOs) can simulate Ising Hamiltonians and estimate ground states using Boltzmann sampling. The work addresses challenges in KPO networks, where complex phase diagrams can produce states unsuitable for analog optimisation, and provides a pathway for classical analog computation with relevance to quantum coherent-state systems.

Phys. Rev. Lett. 135, 097201